Screening Tests
- There are many different kinds of screening tests for colorectal cancer.
- Each has advantages and disadvantages.
- Currently available tests can be divided into two main groups:
Tests that detect both colorectal cancers and polyps
(click on a test to get more information)
Colonoscopy
- Uses a thin, flexible tube to directly examine the entire colon for polyps and cancer.
- A tiny camera on the end of the tube allows the doctor to closely examine the lining for abnormal growths.
- If polyps are found during a colonoscopy, they can be removed.
Virtual Colonoscopy
- Uses an X-ray type of test that is similar to a CT scan.
- Scanning machine uses X-rays and computer images to examine the inside of the abdomen and colon for polyps and cancer.
- A small amount of air is instilled into the rectum to help identify any abnormal growths.
Flexible Sigmoidoscopy
- Like a colonoscopy, except that only the lowest portion of the colon is examined.
Barium Enema
- A different type of X-ray test for finding polyps or cancers in the colon.
- A white, chalky liquid called barium is put into the colon using a small tube.
- Air may also be inserted to help identify any growths.
Tests that detect primarily cancers
(click on a test to get more information)
Fecal Occult Blood Test
- This is sometimes also called a stool blood test.
- The test looks for tiny amounts of blood in the stool that can’t be seen with the naked eye.
- The test is done at home with a kit (you take samples of your stool and mail them to your doctor).
Stool DNA Test
- A new test in which stool samples are collected using a special container and analyzed for DNA abnormalities associated with colorectal cancer.